In today’s world, it makes increasingly little sense to analyze political phenomena from a strictly national point of view. Whatever globalization means, as it continues, it is useful to think about the connections among political activity in multiple locations—to treat protest and advocacy as endeavors that unite individuals and groups behind common goals and ideals regardless of the state boundaries that may divide them physically.

This bibliography represents an effort to collect recent scholarly work on transnational movements and advocacy. While the works contained in this list span thirty years of scholarship, most of these articles and books were published between 1994 and 2001 and, as such, represent some of the most up-to-date research on transnational politics. The bibliography contains a variety of sources, including scholarly articles in peer-reviewed journals, books, doctoral dissertations, conference papers, and even internet sites. Some of the works listed are unpublished manuscripts prepared for conferences or workshops; where possible, we have listed as much information as possible to facilitate the retrieval of such papers.

We have organized the bibliography using both general topical headings, such as “Organization and Networks,” as well as sector-specific research. Where appropriate, we have listed articles under multiple headings.

The collection of this bibliography was made possible with a grant by the National Science Foundation (Grant #:SES-0110788). We thank the NSF for its support.

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II. General

Albrow, Martin (1996). Global Age. Cambridge: Polity Press.

Appadurai, Arjun (1991). “Global Ethnoscapes: Notes and Queries for a Transnational Anthropology.” In Richard G. Fox, ed. Recapturing Anthropology. Santa Fe, NM: School of American Research Press

———(1996). Modernity at Large: Cultural Dimensions of Globalization. Minneapolis and St. Paul: University of Minnesota Press.

Arrighi, Giovanni, Terence Hopkins and Immanuel Wallerstein (1980). "Dilemmas of Antisystemic Movements," in Processes of the World System. Beverly Hills and London: Sage.

Badie, Bertrand (1995). La fin des territoires. Essai sur le désordre international et sur l'utilité social de respect. Paris: Fayard.

Bigo, Didier (1992). "Contestations populaires et émeutes urbaines. Le jeu du politique et de la transnationalité," Cultures et Conflits 5:3-24.

Boli, John and George Thomas, eds. (1999). Constructing World Culture: International Nongovernmental Organizations Since 1875. Stanford: Stanford U. Press.

Boli, John and Frank J. Lechner, eds. (1999). The Globalization Reader. London: Routledge.

Bornschier, Volker and Peter Lengyel (1994). Conflicts and New Departures in World Society 3. New Brunswick: Transaction.

Boyle, Elizabeth Heger and John W. Meyer (1998). “Modern Law as a Secularized and Global Model: Implications for the Sociology of Law.” Soziale Welt 49: 213-232.

Bretherton, Charlotte and Geoffrey Ponton, eds. (1996). Global Politics. Oxford: Blackwell.

Breton, Gilles, ed. (1993) Special Issue on "Mondialisation et mutations politiques," Etudes Internationales 24.

Caporaso, James A (1997). “Across the Great Divide: Integrating Comparative and International Politics.” International Studies Quarterly 41:563-592.

Castells, M. (1994). "European Cities, the Informational Society, and the Global Economy," New Left Review 204: pp. 18-32.

Cerny, Philip G. (1995). "Globalization and the Changing Logic of Collective Action." International Organization 49:595-625.

——— (1996). "What Next for the State?" In Elinore Kofman and Gillian Youngs, eds., Globalization: Theory and Practice. New York and London: Pinter Press.

——— (1999). “Globalising the Political and Politicising the Global: Concluding Reflections on International Political Economy as a Vocation.” New Political Economy, 4:147-162.

———(2000). “Political Agency in a Globalizing World: Toward a Structurational Approach.” European Journal of International Relations 6:435-463.

della Porta Donatella, Hanspeter Kriesi and Dieter Rucht, eds. (1999). Social Movements in a Globalizing World. New York: Macmillan.

Dorsey, Ellen (1993). "Expanding the Foreign Policy Discourse: Transnational Social Movements and the Globalization of Citizenship." In David Skidmore and Valerie Hudson, eds., The Limits of State Autonomy. Westview Press, pp. 237-266.

Edwards, Michael and John Gaventa, eds. (2001). Global Citizen Action. Boulder, CO: Lynn Rienner.

Finnemore, Martha (1996). National Interests in International Society. Ithaca: Cornell University Press.

Finnemore, Martha and Kathryn Sikkink (1998). "International Norm Dynamics and Political Change," International Organization 52: 887-917.

Fioretos, Orfeo (2001). “Globalization and the European Governance Dilemma.” Presented at the 7^th International Conference of the European Community Studies Association, Madison, Wisconsin.

Florini, Ann M., ed., (2000). The Third Force: The Rise of Transnational Civil Society. Washington, D.C.: Brookings Institute Press.

Gourevitch, Peter Alexis (1996). “Squaring the Circle: The Domestic Sources of International Cooperation.” International Organization 50:349-373.

Guidry, John A., Michael D. Kennedy, and Mayer N. Zald, eds. (2000). Globalizations and Social Movements: Culture, Power, and the Transnational Public Sphere. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press.

Haufler, Virginia (1993). "Crossing the Boundary between Public and Private: International Regimes and Non-State Actors." In Volker Rittberger, ed., Regime Theory and International Relations. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press, pp. 94-111.

Hay, Colin (2001). “Globalization and the Imaginings of European Integration.” Presented at the 7^th International Conference of the European Community Studies Association, Madison, Wisconsin.

Hewson, Martin and Timothy J. Sinclair (1999). Approaches to Global Governance Theory. Albany, NY: State University of New York Press.

Higgott, Richard A., Geoffrey R. D. Underhill, and Andreas Bieler, eds. (2000). Non-State Actors and Authority in the Global System. London and New York: Routledge.

Jenkins, J. Craig and Kurt Schock (1992). "Global Structures and Political Processes in the Study of Domestic Political Conflict." Annual Review of Sociology 18: 161-18

Khagram, Sanjeev, James V. Riker and Kathryn Sikkink, eds. (2000). Restructuring World Politics: Transnational Movements and Norms. Minneapolis and St. Paul: University of Minnesota Press.

Kearney, M. (1995). “The Local and the Global: The Anthropology of Globalization and Transnationalism.” Annual Review of Anthropology. 24-547-565.

Keohane, Robert (1974). “Transgovernmental Relations and International Organizations.” World Politics 27:39-62.

——— (1987). “Power and Interdependence Revisited.” International Organization 41: 725-753.

Keohane, Robert and Helen V. Milner (1996). Internationalization and Domestic Politics. Cambridge and New York: Cambridge Univ. Press.

Keohane, Robert and Joseph Nye (1972). "Transnational Relations and World Politics: An Introduction," International Organization, vol. 25, no. 3 (Summer 1971), reprinted in Keohane and Nye, eds., Transnational Relations and World Politics (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1972), pp. ix-xxix.

Kofman, Elinore and Gillian Youngs, eds. (1996). Globalization: Theory and Practice. New York and London: Pinter Press.

Krasner, Stephen (1983). International Regimes. Ithaca and London: Cornell University Press.

Lipschutz, Ronnie (1992). "Reconstructing World Politics: The Emergence of Global Civil Society," Millennium 21: 389-420.

Lynch, Cecelia (1997). "Mind the Gap: Bridging Approaches to Social Movements and International Relations." Prepared for the Annual APSA Conference.

Maney, Gregory M. (2001) “International Sources of Domestic Protest: Creating Theories and Assessing Evidence.” Mobilization, 6:83-98.

Marden, Peter (1997). “Geographies of Dissent: Globalization, Identity and the Nation.” Political Geography, 16: 37-64.

Matthews, Jessica T. (1997). "Power Shift," Foreign Affairs, 76:50-66.

McAdam, Doug (1998). "On the International Origins of Domestic Political Opportunities," in Anne Costain and Andrew MacFarland, eds., Social Movements and American Political Institutions. Boulder, CO: Rowman and Littlefield.

Meyer, John, John Boli, George Thomas, et. al. (1998). "World Society and the Nation-State," American Journal of Sociology 103:144-181.

Mittleman, James H. (1994). "The Globalization of Social Conflict," in Volker Bornschier, ed., Conflicts and New Departures in World Society. New Brunswick, N.J.: Transaction Publishers.

———, ed. (1996). Globalization: Critical Reflections. Boulder and London: Lynne Rienner Publishers.

Ohmae, Kenichi (1990). The Borderless World: Power and Strategy in the Interlinked Economy. New York: Harper Business.

Ostry, Sylvia (2001). “Global Integration: Currents and Counter-Currents.” Walter Gordon Lecture, Massey College, University of Toronto, May 23. Full paper available at http://www.utoronto.ca/cis/ostry.html

Peace Review (1994). Special Issue on "Transnational Social Movements," Peace Review 6: 395-443.

Riddel-Dixon, Elizabeth (1995). "Les mouvements sociaux et les Nations unies," Revue Internationale des Sciences Sociales 144.

Risse, Thomas (2000). “ ‘Let’s Argue!’ : Communicative Action in World Politics.” International Organization 54:1-39.

Risse-Kappen, Thomas, ed. (1995). Bringing Transnational Relations Back In: Non-state Actors, Domestic Structure and International Institutions. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Robinson, William (1998). "Beyond Nation-State Paradigms: Globalization, Sociology, and the Challenge of Transnational Studies," Sociological Forum 13:561-594.

Rosenau, James (1990). Turbulence in World Politics. Princeton: Princeton U. Press.

——— (1996). "The Dynamics of Globalization: Toward an Operational Formulation," Security Dialogue 27:247-262.

———(1997). Along the Domestic-Foreign Frontier: Exploring Governance in a Turbulent World. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

———(1999). “Toward an Ontology for Global Governance.” In Martin Hewson and Timothy J. Sinclair, eds., Approaches to Global Governance Theory, chapter 13. New York: SUNY Press.

Rosenberg, Justin (1994). "The International Imagination: IR Theory and 'Classic Social Analysis'," Millennium 23: 85-108.

Rucht, Dieter (2000). “Distant Issue Movements in Germany: Empirical Description and Theoretical Reflections.” In John A. Guidry, Michael D. Kennedy, and Mayer N. Zald, eds. Globalizations and Social Movements: Culture, Power, and the Transnational Public Sphere. Ann Arbor, MI: University of Michigan Press.

Sassen, Saskia (1998). Globalization and its Discontents. New York: New Press.

Shaw, Martin (1994). "Civil Society and Global Politics: Beyond a Social Movements Approach," Millennium 23: 647-668.

Smith, Jackie (1996). "Transnational Social Movements, Entrepreneurial Leadership and International Agendas.” Presented at the International Studies Association Annual Meeting in San Diego, April.

Solo, Daniel (1997). Cosmopolites. Cambridge and Oxford: Polity Press.

Tarrow, Sidney (1993). "La mondialisation des conflits: encore un siécle de rebellion?" Etudes Internationales 24: 513-31.

———(1998a). Power in Movement. Social Movements and Contentious Politics. New York and Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, revised ed., ch. 11.

———(1998b). "Fishnets, Internets, and Catnets: Globalization and Transnational Collective Action." In Michael Hanagan, Leslie Page Mooch and Wayne et Brake, eds. Challenging Authority: The historical Study of Contentious Politics. Minneapolis and St. Paul: University of Minnesota Press, ch. 16.

———(2001). “Transnational Politics: Contention and Institutions in International Politics.” Annual Review of Political Science 4:1-20.

Thomas, Daniel C. (1997). “Internationalism and the Study of Social Protest: Notes for Further Inquiry." Prepared for the Annual APSA Conference

Tilly, Charles, ed. (1992). "Prisoners of the State.” International Social Science Journal 44:329-342.

——— (1994). "The Time of States.” Social Research 61:269-295.

Wade, Robert (1996). "Globalization and Its Limits: Report of the Death of the National Economy are Greatly Exaggerated," in Suzanne Berger and Ronal Doer, eds., National Diversity and Global Capitalism. Ithaca: Cornell University Press.

Walker, R.B.J. (1994). "Social Movements/World Politics," Millennium 23:669-700.

Wapner, Paul and Lester Edwin J. Ruiz, eds. (2000). Principled World Politics: The Challenge of Normative International Relations. Lanham, MD: Rowman and Littlefield

Warner, Paul (1997). "The Social Construction of Global Governance." Prepared for the Annual APSA Conference

Waterman, Peter (1998). Globalization, Social Movements, and the New Internationalisms. London and Washington: Mansell.

Wendt, Alexander (1992). "Anarchy is What States Make of It: The Social Construction of Power Politics," International Organization 46:391-425.

Wiles, Peter (1996). The Conscience of the World: The Influence of Egos in the United Nations System. London: C. Hurst.

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III. Culture and Communications

Appadurai, Arjun (1990). "Disjuncture and Difference in the Global Cultural Economy," Theory, Culture and Society 7:295-310.

Bentivegna, Sara (1998). "Talking Politics on the Net," The Joan Shorenstein Center on the Press, Politics and Public Policy, Research Paper R-20.

Bob, Clifford (1997). "The Marketing of Rebellion in Global Civil Society: Political Insurgencies, International Media, and the Growth of Transnational Support," unpublished PhD dissertation, MIT. 1997.

Bond, Doug and Joe Bond (1995). “Protocol for the Assessment of Nonviolent Direct Action (PANDA) Codebook for the P2 Data Set.” Available at: http://www.wcfia.harvard.edu/ponsacs/panda.htm..

Brants, K., M. Huizenga, and R. van Meerton (1996). "The New Canals of Amsterdam: An Exercise in Local Electronic Democracy," Media, Culture and Society 18:233-247.

Carnoy, Martin, et al. (1994). The New Global Economy in the Information Age. Reflections on Our Changing World. University Park, Pa.: Pennsylvania State U. Press.

Castells, Manuel (1997). The Power of Identity (Vol. 2 of The Information Age) Malden, MA: Blackwell.

Finnemore, Martha (1998). "International Norm Dynamics and Political Change," International Organization 52: 887-917.

Frederick, Howard H. (1993). "Computer Networks and the Emergence of Global Civil Society," in Linda M. Harasim, ed., Global Networks: Computers and International Communication. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, pp.283-295.

Ganley, Gladys D. (1992). The Exploding Political Power of Personal Media. Norwood, N.J.: Ablex.

Geschiere, Peter and Birgit Meyer (1998). Globalization and Identity: Dialectics of Flow and Closure. London: Routledge.

Haas, Peter (1992). "Introduction: Epistemic Communities and International Policy Coordination," International Organization, 46:1-35.

Hamelink, Cees J. (1994). The Politics of World Communication. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.

Hannerz, Ulf (1990). "Cosmopolitans and Locals in World Culture," in Theory, Culture and Society 7: 237-251. (1996). Transnational Connections. New York: Routledge.

———(1996). Transnational Connections. New York: Routledge.

Hellman, Judy (1999). "Real and Virtual Chiapas: Magic Realism and the Left,” in Leo Paniteh and Colin Leys, eds., Necessary and Unnecessary Utopias, Socialist Register 2000. London: Merlin Press.

Klotz, Audie (1995). Norms in International Relations: The Struggle Against Apartheid. Ithaca and London: Cornell University Press.

Langman, Lauren, Douglas Morris, and Jackie Zalewski (2001). “Cyberactivism and Alternative Globalization Movements.” Unpublished paper, Department of Sociology, Loyola University of Chicago.

Lefébure, Pierre and Eric Lagneau (2001). “Media Construction in the Dynamics of Europrotest.” In Doug Imig and Sidney Tarrow, eds. Contentious Europeans: Protest and Politics in an Emerging Polity. Lanham, MD: Rowman and Littlefield.

Marden, Peter (1997). "Geographies of Dissent: globalization, identity and the nation," Political Geographies 16: 37-64.

Myers, Daniel (1994). "Communication Technology and Social Movements: Contributions of Computer Networks to Activism," Social Science Computer Review 12: 250-260.

———(2001). “Social Activism through Computer Networks.” In Orville Vernon, ed. Renaissance in Social Science Computing. Urbana, IL: University of Illinois Press (forthcoming).

O'Neil, Michael J. (1993). The Roar of the Crowd: How Television and People Power are Changing the World. New York: Times Books.

Popkin, Jeremy (1995). Media and Revolution: Comparative Perspectives. Lexington: University Press of Kentucky.

Risse-Kappen, Thomas (1994). "Ideas Do Not Float Freely: Transnational Coalitions, Domestic Structures, and the End of the Cold War," International Organization 48:185-214.

Robertson, Roland (1992). Globalization: Social Theory and Global Culture. Newbury Park: Sage Publications.

Rusciano, Frank Louis (1996). "Media Observations on World Opinion During the Kuwaiti Crisis: Political Communication and the Emerging International Order," Southeastern Political Review 24:505-530.

———(N.D.). "First and Third World Newspapers on 'World Opinion': 'Imagined Communities' in the Cold War and Post-Cold War Era.” Forthcoming in Journal of Political Communication.

Rusciano, Frank Louis and Roberta Fiske-Rusciano (1990). “Towards a Notion of ‘World Opinion.’” International Journal of Public Opinion Research 2:305-322.

Sproull, Lee and Sara Kiesler (1993). "Computers, Networks and Work." In Linda M. Harasim, ed. Global Networks. Cambridge: MIT Press.

Swaan, M. Abram de (1997). "Langue et Culture dans la Sociéte Transnationale." Collge de France Working Paper, College de France, October.

Wellman, Barry, et al. (1988). "Networks and Personal Communities." In B. Wellman and S. D. Berkowitz, eds. Social Structures: A Network Approach. New York and Cambridge: Cambridge University. Press, pp. 130 - 84.

Wellman, Barry and Milena Gulia (1995). "Net Surfers Don't Ride Alone: Virtual Communities as Communities." Prepared for Peter Killock and Marc Smith, eds., Communities in Cyberspace. Berkeley and Los Angeles : University of California Press.

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IV. Economics (see also: labor)

Arrighi, Giovanni, Terence Hopkins and Immanuel Wallerstein (1980). "Dilemmas of Antisystemic Movements," in Processes of the World System. Beverly Hills and London: Sage.

———(1991). "World Income Inequalities and the Future of Socialism," New Left Review 189: pp. 39-65.

Ayres, Jeffrey M. (1997). "From National to Popular Sovereignty? The Evolving Globalization of Protest Activity in Canada," International Journal of Canadian Studies 16: pp.107-123.

———(2001). “Transnational Contention Against Neo-Liberalism: International Political Processes and the Structuring of Activism Opposed to the Global Economy.” Mobilization, 6:55-68.

Berger, Suzanne and Ronald Dore, eds. (1996). National Diversity and Global Capitalism. Ithaca: Cornell University Press.

Brysk, Alison (1992). "International Monetary Fund Lending and Third World Sovereignty," BN/SR 35: 1031-1052.

Coen, David and Wyn Grant (2001). “The Internationalization of Business-Government Relations and the Consequences for EU Public Policy Making: The Case of Transatlantic Dialogue.” Presented at the 7^th International Conference of the European Community Studies Association, Madison, Wisconsin.

Cowles, Maria Green (2001). “Wither the Service Sectors? Globalization, Europeanization, and National Patterns of Capitalism.” Presented at the 7^th International Conference of the European Community Studies Association, Madison, Wisconsin.

Cutler, A. Claire, Virginia Haufler and Tony Porter, eds. (1999). Private Authority and International Affairs. Saratoga Springs, NY: State University of New York.

Donnelly, Elizabeth A. (2000). "Transnational Advocacy Networks: The Case of Third World Debt and Structural Adjustment," ch. 8 in Khagram, Riker and Sikkink, eds. Restructuring World Politics: Transnational Movements and Norms. Minneapolis and St. Paul: University of Minnesota Press.

Duina, Francesco and Frank Blithe (1999). “Nation-States and Common Markets: the Institutional Conditions for Acceptance.” Review of International Political Economy 6(4):494-530.

Frieden, Jeffrey A. (1991). “Invested Interests: the Politics of National Economic Policies in a World of Global Finance.” International Organization 45:426-451.

Higgott, Richard and Simon Reich (1998). "Globalisation and Sites of Conflict: Towards Definition and Taxonomy," Centre for the Study of Globalisation and Regionalism Working Paper No. 01/98, University of Warwick.

Hirst, Paul and Grahame Thompson (1997). "Globalization in Question" in Robert Boyer and J. Rogers Hollingsworth, eds. Contemporary Capitalism: The Embeddedness of Institutions. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Holm, Hans-Henrik and Georg Sorensen, eds. (1995). Whose World Order? Uneven Globalization and the End of the Cold War. Boulder: Westview.

Kowalewski, David (1989). "Global Debt Crises in Structural-Cyclical Perspective," in W. P. Avery and D. P. Rapkin, eds., Markets, Politics and change in the Global Political Economy. Boulder: Lynne Reiner, pp. 357-84.

Lindenberg, Marc (1989). “Making Economic Adjustment Work: The Politics of Policy Implementation.” Policy Sciences 22:359-394.

McNamara, Kathleen R. (1998). “Globalization is What We Make of It? The Political Construction of Market Imperatives.” Presented at the Conference of Europeanists, Baltimore, February 25-March 1.

McMichael, Philip (1991a). "Slavery in Capitalism," Theory and Society 20:321-349.

———(1991b). "Slavery in the Regime of Wage Labor," Social Concept, pp. 10-26.

———(1996). Development and Global Change: A Global Perspective. Thousand Oaks, CA: Pine Forge.

———(1999). “The Global Crisis of Wage Labour.” Studies in Political Economy, 58.

———(2000). “Sleepless Since Seattle: What is the WTO About?” Review of International Political Economy, 7(3).

Murphy, Craig N (1999). "Egalitarian Social Movements and New World Orders." Unpublished paper, Wellesley College.

Panitch, Leo (1997). "Rethinking the Role of the State, " in James Mittleman, ed., Globalization: Critical Reflections. Boulder: Lynne Riener, pp. 83-113.

Philip, Alan Butt (2001). “Global Business Versus National Governments? The Case of the EU Banana Trade.” Presented at the 7^th International Conference of the European Community Studies Association, Madison, Wisconsin.

Wade, Robert (1996). "Globalization and Its Limits: Report of the Death of the National Economy are Greatly Exaggerated," in Suzanne Berger and Ronal Dore, eds., National Diversity and Global Capitalism. Ithaca: Cornell University Press.

Walton, John (2001). "Debt, Protest, and the State in Latin America." Susan Eckstein, ed. Power and Popular Protest: Latin American Social Movements.

Walton, John and Charles Ragin (1990). "Global and National Sources of Political Protest: Third World Responses to the Debt Crisis." American Sociological Review 55: 876-890.

Walton, John and David Seddon (1994). Free Markets and Food Riots: The Politics of Global Adjustment. Cambridge, MA: Blackwell.

Weber, Klaus and Gerald F. Davis (2000). “The Global Spread of Stock Exchanges, 1980-1998.” Unpublished paper, University of Michigan Business School.

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V. Organization and Networks

Barnett, Michael and Martha Finnemore (1997). "The Politics, Power, and Pathologies of International Organizations.” International Organization 53:699-732.

Boli, John and George Thomas, eds. (1999). Constructing World Culture: International Nongovernmental Organizations Since 1875. Stanford: Stanford U. Press.

Clark, Ann Marie (1995). "Non-Governmental Organizations and their Influence on International Society," Journal of International Affairs 48:507-525.

Clark, Ann Marie, Elisabeth J. Friedman, and Kathryn Hochstetler (1998). “The Sovereign Limits of Global Civil Society: A Comparison of NGO Participation in UN World Conferences on the Environment, Human Rights, and Women.” World Politics 51:1-35.

Coleman, William D. (1997). “Associational Governance in a Globalizing Era: Weathering the Storm.” In J. Rogers Hollingsworth and Robert Boyer, eds., Contemporary Capitalism: The Embeddedness of Institutions. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Colonomos, Ariel, ed. (1995). Sociologie des réseaux transnationaux. Communauté, enterprises et individus: lien social et système international. Paris: L'Harmattan.

Cook, Maria Lorena (1997). "Regional Integration and Transnational Politics: Popular Sector Strategies in the NAFTA Era," in: Douglas Chalmers, Scott Martin and Kerianne Peister, eds. The New Politics of Inequality in Latin America: Rethinking Participation and Representation. Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press, pp. 516-540.

Cutler, Robert M. (N.D.) “The Emergence of International Parliamentary Institutions: New Networks of Influence in World Society.” Forthcoming in Gordon S. Smith and Daniel Wolfish, eds., [working title to be determined], Toronto: University of Toronto Press.

Donnelly, Elizabeth A. (2000). “Transnational Advocacy Networks: The Case of Third World Debt and Structural Adjustment.” In Khagram, Riker and Sikkink, eds. Restructuring World Politics: Transnational Social Movements, Networks and Norms. Minneapolis and St. Paul: University of Minnesota Press.

Esman, Milton and Shibley Telhami (1995). International Organizations and Ethnic Conflict. Ithaca and London: Cornell University Press.

Fox, Jonathan (2000a). “Assessing Binational Civil Society Coalitions: Lessons from the Mexico-US Experience.” Working Paper #26, Chicano/Latino Research Center, University of California, Santa Cruz.

———(2000b). “The World Bank Inspection Panel: Lessons from the First Five Years.” Global Governance 6:279-318.

Huntington, Samuel P. (1973). “Transnational Organizations in World Politics.” World Politics 25:333-368.

Keck, Margaret and Sikkink, Kathryn (1998). Activists Beyond Borders. Ithaca and London: Cornell University Press.

Leatherman, Janie, Ron Pagnucco, and Jackie Smith (1994). "International Institutions and Transnational Social Movement Organizations: Challenging the State in a Three-Level Game of Global Transformation." Joan B. Kroc Institute for International Peace Studies Working Paper. Notre Dame, IN: Notre Dame.

Lindenberg, Marc (1999). “Declining State Capacity, Voluntarism, and the Globalization of the Not-for-Profit Sector.” Nonprofit and Voluntary Sector Quarterly, 28:147-167.

Lindenberg, Marc and J. Patrick Dobel (1999). “The Challenges of Globalization for Northern International Relief and Development NGOs.” Nonprofit and Voluntary Sector Quarterly, 28:4-24.

McAdam, Doug (1997) “On the International Origins of Domestic Political Opportunities.” In Anne N. Costain and Andrew S. McFarland, eds., Social Movements and American Political Institutions. New York: Rowman and Littlefield.

O’Brien, Robert, Anne Marie Goetz, Jan Aart Scholte, and Marc Williams (2000). Contesting Global Governance: Multilateral Institutions and Global Social Movements. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Risse, Thomas (2001). “Transnational Actors, Networks, and Global Governance.” Forthcoming in Walter Carlsnaes, Thomas Risse, and Beth Simmons, eds., Handbook of International Relations. London: Sage.

Roederer-Rynning, Christilla (2001). “European Integration and the Transformation of Domestic Politics: The Political Economy of Farm Protest in France, 1962-1993.” Presented at the 7^th International Conference of the European Community Studies Association, Madison, Wisconsin.

Schulz, Markus (1998). "Collective Action Across borders: Opportunity Structures, Network Capacities, and Communicative Praxis in the Age of Advanced Globalization," Sociological Perspectives 41:587-616.

Sikkink, Kathryn and Jackie Smith (2000). "Infrastructures for Change: Transnational Organizations, 1953-1993," in Khagram, Riker and Sikkink, eds. Restructuring World Politics: Transnational Movements and Norms. Minneapolis and St. Paul: University of Minnesota Press.

Smith, Jackie (1994). "Organizing Global Action," Peace Review 6: 419-425.

———(1997). "Characteristics of the Modern Transnational Social Movement Sector," in Smith, Chatfield and Pagnuco, eds., Transnational Movements in Global Politics. Syracuse: Syracuse University Press, pp. 42-58.

———(1998). “Global Civil Society? Transnational Social Movement Organizations and Social Capital.” American Behavioral Scientist, 42:93-107.

———(1999a). “Transnational Organizations.” Encyclopedia of Violence, Peace, and Conflict, volume 3. Academic Press.

———(1999b). “Global Civil Society, Social Movement Organizations, and the Global Politics of Nuclear Security.” In Muthiah Alagappa and Takashi Inoguchi, eds., International Security Management and the United Nations. New York: United Nations University Press, pp. 139-172.

———(2000). “Globalization and Political Contention: Brokering Roles of Transnational Social Movement Organizations.” Prepared for 2000 meeting of the American Sociological Association, August 12-16.

———(2001) “Changes in the Transnational Social Movement Organization Sector in the Post-Cold War Era: A Preliminary Analysis.” Prepared for the Workshop on Transnational Contention, Cornell University.

———(2001) “Globalization and Political Contention: Transnational Organization, Shifting Identities and Solidarity Building.” Prepared for the Workshop on Transnational Contention, Cornell University.

Smith, Jackie, Charles Chatfield and Ron Pagnucco, eds. (1997). Transnational Social Movements in Global Politics. Syracuse: Syracuse University Press.

Smith, Jackie and Ron Pagnucco (1995). "Global Organizing for social Change: The Role of Transnational Movement Organizations," prepared for presentation at the conference on "The Organizational Dimensions of Global Change," Case Western University, May.

Smith, Jackie and Winnie Romeril (1994). "Transnational Social Movement Organizations in the Global Political Arena," in Voluntas 5: 121-154.

Stiles, Kendall, ed. (2000). Global Institutions and Local Empowerment: Competing Theoretical Perspectives. London: MacMillan.

Streek, Wolfgang and Philippe Schmitter (1991). "From National Corporatism to Transnational Pluralism: Organized Interests in the Single European Market," Politics and Society 19: 133-164.

Wellman, Barry, Peter J. Carrington, and Alan Hall (1988). “Networks as Personal Communities.” In Barry Wellman and S. D. Berkowitz, eds., Social Structures: A Network Approach. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Young, Dennis (1991). "The Structural Imperatives of International Advocacy Associations", Human Relations 44: 921-941.

———(1992). "Organising Principles for International Advocacy Associations," Voluntas 3: 1-28.

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VI. Protest Events

Ayres, Jeffrey (1997). "From National to Popular Sovereignty? The Evolving Globalization of Protest Activity in Canada," International Journal of Canadian Studies 16: pp.107-123.

———(1998). Defying Conventional Wisdom: Political Movements and Popular Contention against North American Free Trade. Toronto: University of Toronto Press.

——— (2001). “Transnational Contention Against Neo-Liberalism: International Political Processes and the Structuring of Activism Opposed to the Global Economy.” Mobilization, 6:55-68.

Helvarg, D. (1994). The war against the Greens: the Wise-Use movement, the new right and anti-environmental violence. San Francisco: Sierra Club Books.

Kowalewski, David and Dean Hoover (1994). "Dissent and Repression in the World-System," International Journal of Comparative Sociology 35: 161-87.

Langman, Lauren. (N.D.) “From Seattle to Genoa and Beyond.” Unpublished paper, Department of Sociology, Loyola University of Chicago.

Lichbach, Mark I. and Paul Almeida (2001). “Global Order and Local Resistance: The Neoliberal Institutional Trilemma and the Battle of Seattle.” Unpublished paper, University of California, Riverside.

Maney, Gregory M. (2001) “International Sources of Domestic Protest: Creating Theories and Assessing Evidence.” Mobilization, 6:83-98.

Research Working Group on World Labor (1995). "Labor Unrest in the World-Economy, 1870 - 1990," Special Issue of Review 18.

Ruzza, Carlo (N.D.) “Normal Protest: Social Movements and Institutional Activism.” Unpublished paper, Essex University.

Silver, Beverly J and Giovanni Arrighi (1991). “The International Diffusion of Labor Unrest.” Prepared for the Annual APSA Conference, August 29-September 1.

Sklair, Leslie (2002). “Challenges to Capitalist Globalization.” Forthcoming in Globalization: Capitalism and its Alternatives, chapter 10.

Smith, Jackie (2001). “Globalizing Resistance: The Battle of Seattle and the Future of Social Movements.” Mobilization, 6:1-19.

Taylor, Charles Lewis (N.D.) “The Globalization of Political Conflict and Cooperation.” Unpublished manuscript, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University.

Walton, John (2001). "Debt, Protest, and the State in Latin America." In Susan Eckstein, ed. Power and Popular Protest: Latin American Social Movements. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press.

Walton, John and Charles Ragin (1990). “Global and National Sources of Political Protest: Third World Responses to the Debt Crisis.” American Sociological Review, 55:876-890.

Walton, John and David Seddon (1994). Free Markets and Food Riots: The Politics of Global Adjustment. Cambridge, MA: Blackwell.

Walton, John and Mridula Udayagiri (2000). “From Shantytown to Seattle: The Changing Shape of Political Conflict in the Developing World.” Unpublished paper, Weatherhead Center for International Affairs, Harvard University.

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VI. Movement Sectors

A. Democratization

Bond, Doug and Brad Bennett (1994). “The Practice of Democracy: Global Patterns and Processes in 1990.” Presented to the International Political Science Association Conference, Berlin, August 25.

Bunce, Valerie (1991). "Democracy, Stalinism and the Management of Uncertainty," in G. Szoboszlai, ed., Democracy and Political Transformation. Budapest: Hungarian Political Science Association, pp. 138 - 164.

Ekiert, Grzegorz and Jan Kubik (2000). “Civil Society from Abroad: the Role of Foreign Assistance in the Democratization of Poland.” Working Paper No. 00-01, Weatherhead Center for International Affairs, Harvard University.

Glenn, John K. (1998). "Movements into parties: International actors and democratization in postcommunist Eastern Europe." Unpublished paper, European University Institute.

Hacker, K. L. (1996). "Missing Links in the Evolution of Electronic Democratization," Media, Culture and Society 18(2): pp. 213-232.

Loya, Thomas (1998). "Global Democracy Movements: The Structure and Organization of the International Pro-democracy Social Movements Sector." Presented at the 93rd Annual Meeting of the American Sociological Association, August.

———(2000), “The International Organizations of the Prodemocracy Movement.” Presented at the 95^th annual meeting of the American Sociological Association, August.

Markoff, John (1996). Waves of Democracy. Thousand Oaks, CA: Pine Forge.

Mendelson, Sarah and John Glen III, eds. (2001). The Power and Limits of NGOs: Transnational Democracy Networks and Post-Communist Transitions. New York: Columbia University Press.

Pagnucco, Ron (1996). "Social Movement Dynamics During Democratic Transition and Consolidation: A Synthesis of Political Process and Political Interactionist Theories," in Frederick Weil, Research on Democracy and Society, Vol. 3. Greenwich, CT and London: JAI Press.

Riker, James V (2000). "NGOs, Transnational Issue Networks, International Donors Agencies and the Prospects for Democratic Governance in Indonesia," in Khagram, Riker and Sikkink, eds. Restructuring World Politics: Transnational Social Movements, Networks and Norms. Minneapolis and St. Paul: University of Minnesota Press.

Schmitter, Philippe C. (1991). "The International Context for Contemporary Democratization: Constraints and Opportunities Upon the Choice of National Institutions and Policies," Occasional Paper, Chicago, Il: University of Chicago, Department of Political Science.

Schock, Kurt (1999). “Social Movements and Democratization in Africa and Asia: A Transnational Perspective.” Presented at the Annual Meetings of the American Sociological Association, Chicago, IL.

Schwartzman, Kathleen (1998). "Globalization and Democracy," Annual Review of Sociology 24: 159-81.

Thomas, Daniel C. (2001). The Helsinki Effect: International Norms, Human Rights, and the Demise of Communism. Princeton: Princeton University Press.

Yasher, Deborah J. (N.D.). "Ethnicity and Democracy in Latin America." Unpublished paper, Harvard University.

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Environmental Movements

Bernstein, Steven and Benjamin Cashore (2000). “Globalization, Four Paths of Internationalization and Domestic Policy Change: The Case of EcoForestry in British Columbia, Canada.” Canadian Journal of Political Science 33:67-99.

Caniglia, Beth Schaefer (2001). "Informal Alliances vs. Institutional Ties: The Effects of Elite Alliances on Environmental TSMO Network Positions," Mobilization, 6:37-54.

Conca K., Alberty M. & Dabelko G. D. (1995). Green Planet Blues: Environmental Politics from Stockholm to Rio. Boulder, CO: Westview Press.

Dalton, Russell (1994). The Green Rainbow. Princeton: Princeton U. Press.

DeSombre E. (2000). Domestic Sources of International Environmental Policy. Industry, Environmentalists and the U.S. Power. Cambridge, MA and London: MIT Press.

Doyle, T. and McEachern D. (1998). Environment and Politics. London and New York : Routledge.

Dryzek, J. S. (1997). The Politics of the Earth: Environmental Discourses. Cambridge and New York : Oxford University Press.

Easterbrook, G. (1995). A Moment on the Earth: The Coming Age of Environmental Optimism . New York : Viking.

Evans, Peter (1998). "Looking for Agents of Urban Livability in a Globalized Political Economy." Unpublished paper, University of California, Berkeley.

Flam, Helena, ed. (1994). States and Anti-nuclear Movements. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.

Fox, Jonathan (2001). “Vertically Integrated Policy Monitoring: A Tool for Civil Society Policy Advocacy.” Nonprofit and Voluntary Sector Quarterly 30:616-627.

Fox, Jonathan and John Gershman (2000). “The World Bank and Social Capital: Lessons from Rural Development Projects in the Philippines and Mexico.” Policy Sciences, 33:399-419.

Fox, Jonathan and L. David Brown (1998). The Struggle for Accountability: The World Bank, NGOs, and Grassroots Movements. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.

Frank, David John, Ann Hironaka and John Meyer (1998). "The Rationalization and Organization of Nature in World Culture," Prepared for John Boli and George Thomas, eds., Constructing World Culture: International Nongovernmental Organizations Since 1875. Stanford: Stanford Univ. Press.

Geisler, Charles and Louise Silberling (1992). “Extractive Resources as Alternative Land Reform: Amazonia and Appalachia Compared.” Agriculture and Human Values 9:58-70.

Gupta, Akhil (1997). "Peasants and Global Environmentalism: Safeguarding the Future of "Our World" or Initiating a New Form of Governmentality" in Postcolonial Developments, PhD Thesis, Stanford University, Anthropology.

Helvarg, D. (1994). The War Against the Greens: The Wise-Use Movement, the New Right and Anti-Environmental Violence. San Francisco: Sierra Club Books.

Johnston, Barbara and Terry Turner (1998). "The Pehuenche, The World Bank Group and Endesa S.A." Briefing Document Prepared by the Committee for Human Rights, American Anthropological Association.

Keck, Margaret (1995). "Social Equity and Environmental Politics in Brazil," Comparative Politics 27: 409-24.

———(1998). "Planafloro in Rondona: The Limits of Leverage," in Jonathan A. Fox and L. David Brown, eds., The Struggle for Accountability: The World Bank, NGO's, and Grassroots Movements. Cambridge MA: MIT Press.

Keck, Margaret and Kathryn Sikkink (1998). "Environmental Advocacy Networks.” In Activists Beyond Borders. Ithaca and London: Cornell University Press.

Khagram, Sanjeev (1997). "Transnational Struggles for Power and Water: The Political Economy of Big Dam Building and Development in the Third World." Ph.D. Dissertation, Department of Political Science, Stanford University.

———(2000). "Transforming the Global Politics of Development: The Case of India's Sardar Sarovar-Narmada River Valley Projects," in Khagram, Riker and Sikkink, eds. Restructuring World Politics: Transnational Social Movements, Networks and Norms. Minneapolis and St. Paul: University of Minnesota Press..

Kothari, Smitu (2000). "Globalization, Global Alliances and the Narmada Movement." In Khagram, Riker and Sikkink, eds. Restructuring World Politics: Transnational Social Movements, Networks and Norms. Minneapolis and St. Paul: University of Minnesota Press.

Kousis, Maria. (1999). "Sustaining Local Environmental Mobilizations: Groups, Actions and Claims in Southern Europe," Environmental Politics 8:1.

McCormick J. (1995). The Global Environmental Movement. John Wiley and Sons.

Meyer, John, David Frank, et al. (1997). "The Structuring of a World Environmental Regime, 1870-1990, International Organization, 51:623-651.

Nelson, Paul (2000). "Agendas, Accountability and Legitimacy Among Transnational Networks of NGOs Lobbying the World Bank.” In Khagram, Riker and Sikkink, eds. Restructuring World Politics: Transnational Social Movements, Networks and Norms. Minneapolis and St. Paul: University of Minnesota Press.

Pilat, J. F. (1980). Ecological Politics: The Rise of the Green Movement. Beverly Hills, CA: Sage Publications.

Princen, Thomas and Matthias Finger (1994). Environmental NGOs in World Politics. London and New York: Routledge.

Raustiala, Kal (1997). “States, NGOs, and International Environmental Institutions.” International Studies Quarterly 41:719-740.

Reccia, Steve and Russell Dalton (2000). “Global Environmentalism and the Modes of Political Action.” Presented at the Midwestern Political Science Association, Chicago, April 26-30.

Reimann, Kim DoHyang (2001). “Building Networks from the Outside In: International Movements, Japanese NGOs, and the Kyoto Climate Change Conference.” Mobilization 6:69-82.

Rowell A. (1996). Green Backlash : Global Subversion of the Environmental Movement. London and New York : Routledge.

Rowlands I. (1995). The Politics of Global Atmospheric Change. Manchester University Press.

Rucht, Dieter (1996). "Limits to Mobilization: Environmental Policy for the European Community." In Charles Chatfield, Ron Pagnucco and Jackie Smith, eds., Transnational Social Movements and Global Politics. Syracuse: Syracuse University Press.

Scarce, R. (1990). Eco-Warriors: Understanding the Radical Environmental Movement. Chicago:Noble Press.

Sheldon K, ed. (1993). Environmental Politics in the International Arena: Movements, Parties, Organizations, and Policy. Albany, N.Y.: State University of New York Press.

Smith, Jackie (1999). “Global Politics and Transnational Social Movement Strategies: Transnational Campaign against International Trade in Toxic Wastes.” In Hanspeter Kriesi, Donatella della Porta, and Dieter Rucht, eds., Social Movements in a Globalizing World. London: MacMillian.

———(N.D.) “Local Implications of Transnational Association: Results of a Survey of EarthAction Affiliate Organizations.” Research Report to The Aspen Institute, Washington, D.C.

Thomashow, M. (1995). Ecological Identity: Becoming a Reflective Environmentalist . Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.

Wapner, Paul (1995). "Politics Beyond the State: Environmental Activism and World Civic Politics," World Politics 47:311-340.

———(1996a). "Bringing Society Back In: Environmental Governance and World Society," Presented at the Annual Meeting of the International Studies Association, San Diego, CA, April.

———(1996b). Environmental Activism and World Civil Politics. Albany: State University of New York Press.

———(1997). "The Transnationalization of Environmental Activism: Searching for Governance in a Complex and Fragile World." Prepared for the Annual APSA Conference, Washington, D.C.

Young, J. (1990). Post Environmentalism. London: Belhaven Press.

Young, Oran R. ed. (1998). Global Governance: Drawing Insights from the Environmental Experience. Cambridge MA: MIT Press.

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C. Ethnicity, Indigenous Groups and Nationalism

Anderson, Benedict (1991). Imagined Communities. London: Verso.

———(1992). "Long-Distance Nationalism: World Capitalism and the Rise of Identity Politics," The Wertheim lecture, Centre for Asian Studies, Amsterdam.

———(1994). "Exodus," Critical Inquiry, 20, Winter.

———(1998). Spectre of Comparison: Nationalism, Southeast Asia, and the World. London and New York: Verso.

Barnes, R.H., Andrew Gray, and Benedict Kingsley (1995). Indigenous Peoples of Asia. Ann Arbor, MI: Association for Asian Studies.

Bob, Clifford (2000). "Beyond Transparency: Visibility and Fit in the Internationalization of Internal Conflict." In Bernard I. Finel and Kristin M. Lord, eds. Power and Conflict in the Age of Transparency. New York: Palgrave/St. Martins Press.

——— (2001). "Marketing Rebellion: Insurgent Groups, International Media, and NGO Support." International Politics 38(3).

Brubaker, Rogers and David Laitin (1998). "Ethnic and Nationalist Violence," Annual Review of Sociology 24:423-452.

Brysk, Alison (1993). "Acting Globally: Indian Rights and International Politics in Latin America," in D. L. Van Cott, ed., Indigenous Peoples and Democracy in Latin America. New York: St. Martin's Press.

———(1996). "Turning Weakness Into Strength. The Internationalization of Indian Rights," Latin American Perspectives, 23:38-57.

———(2000). From Tribal Village to Global Village: Indian Rights and International Relations in Latin America. Stanford University Press.

Burke, Pamela L. (1996). "Transnational Collective Action: The Mobilization of Indigenous Peoples in Ecuador and Multinational Enterprises." Presented at the International Studies Association Conference, San Diego, April.

———(1997). "The Globalization of Contentious Politics: The Case of the Amazonian Indigenous Rights Movement in Ecuador." Prepared for the Annual APSA Conference, Washington, D.C.

Edelman, Marc (1998). "Transnational Peasant Politics in Central America," Latin America Research Review 33:49-86.

Geisler, Charles and Louise Silberling (1991). "Extractive Reserves As Alternative Land Reform: Amazonian and Appalachia Compared." BioScience IX, No. 3.

Gray, Andrew (1995). “The Indigenous Movement in Asia.” In Barnes, Gray and Kingsley, eds. Indigenous Peoples of Asia. Ann Arbor, MI: Association for Asian Studies.

Gurr, Ted Robert (1992). "The Internationalization of Protracted Communal Conflict Since 1945: Which Groups, Where, and How?" in M.I. Midlarsky, ed., The Internationalization of Communal Conflict. London: Routledge, pp. 3-26.

———(1993). Minorities at Risk. Washington, D.C.: United States Institute of Peace.

———(1994). "Peoples Against States: Ethnopolitical Conflict and the Changing World System," International Studies Quarterly, 38:347-377.

Halebsky, Sandor and Richard L. Harris, eds. (1995). Capital, Power, and Inequality in Latin America. Boulder, CO: Westview Press.

Hellman, Judy (2000). "Real and Virtual Chiapas: Magic Realism and the Left," in Leo Panitch and Colin Leys, eds., Socialist Register. Merlin Press.

Jenson, Jane (1995). "Framing the Whale: `Transnational' Social Movements and Relay Nationalism." Presented at the Annual Meeting of the Canadian Political Science Association.

Keck, Margaret (1995). "Social Equity and Environmental Politics in Brazil: Lessons from the Rubber Tappers of Acre," Comparative Politics 27: 409-424.

Klotz, Audie (2001). “Transnational Activism and Global Transformations: The Anti-Apartheid and Abolitionist Experiences.” European Journal of International Relations.

Koopmans, Ruud, and Paul Statham (1998). "Challenging the Liberal Nation State? Postnationalism, Multiculturalism, and the Collective Claims-Making of Migrants and Ethnic Minorities in Britain and Germany." Presented at the Annual Conference of the American Sociological Association, San Francisco.

Kuperman, Alan J. (1999). “Transnational Causes of Genocide: Or How the West Inadvertently Exacerbates Ethnic Conflict in the Post-Cold War Era.” Prepared for the Annual APSA Conference

Lake, David A. and Donald Rothchild, eds. (1998). The International Spread of Ethnic Conflict: Fear, Diffusion, and Escalation. Princeton: Princeton University Press.

Macdonald, Ted (N.D.). "Indigenous Peoples and Environmentalists: Where's the Link?" Unpublished paper, Cultural Survival Project, Center for International Affairs, Harvard University.

Maiguashca, Bice (1994). “The Transnational Indigenous Movement in a Changing World Order.” In Yoshikazu Samakoto, ed. Global Transformation: Challenges to the State System. Tokyo and New York: UN University Press.

Midlarsky, M. I. ed. (1992). The Internationalization of Communal Conflict. London: Routledge, pp. 3-26.

Muehlebach, Andrea (N.D.) “ ‘Making Place’ at the United Nations: Indigenous Cultural Politics at the UN Working Group on Indigenous Populations.” Forthcoming in Cultural Anthropology.

Ogelman, Nedim (1998). "Identity, Organizations and the Transnational Political Opportunity Structure of Turkish-Origin Inhabitants in Germany." Presented at the Eleventh International Conference of Europeanists, February 1998.

Olzak, Susan and Kiyoteru Tsutsui (1997). "Status in the World System and Ethnic Mobilization," Unpublished paper, Department of Sociology, Stanford University.

Rajagopal, Arvind (N.D.). "Indian Immigrants and Exilic Nationalism," Unpublished paper, Department of Communications, Purdue University.

Seidman, Gay (2000). "Insights about the Anti-Apartheid Movement: Implications for Transnational Action," in Khagram, Riker and Sikkink, eds. Restructuring World Politics: Transnational Social Movements, Networks and Norms. Minneapolis and St. Paul: University of Minnesota Press.

Soysal, Yasemin (1994). Limits of Citizenship: Migrants and Postnational Membership in Europe. Chicago and London: University of Chicago Press.

Turner, Terrence (1999). "Indigenous Rights, Indigenous Cultures and Environmental Conservation: Coverage or Divergence? The Case of the Brazilian Kayapo" in Jill Conway, et. al, Earth, Air, Fire and Water. Cambridge: MIT Press.

Van Cott, Donna Lee, ed., (1995). Indigenous Peoples and Democracy in Latin America. New York: St. Martin's Press.

———(2001). “Explaining Ethnic Autonomy Regimes in Latin America.” Studies in Comparative International Development. 35:30-58.

Yashar, Deborah J. (1996). "Indigenous Protest and Democracy in Latin America." In Jorge I. Domínguez and Abraham Lowenthal, eds., Constructing Democratic Governance: Latin America and the Caribbean in the 1990s. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press.

———(1998). "Contesting Citizenship: Indigenous Movements and Democracy in Latin America," Comparative Politics 31: 23-42.

———(2001). “Globalization and Collective Action.” Comparative Politics, forthcoming.

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D. Human Rights

Ball, Patrick (2000). "State Terror, Constitutional Traditions, and National Human Rights Movements: A Cross-National Quantitative Comparison.” In John A. Guidry, Michael D. Kennedy, and Mayer N. Zald, eds. Globalizations and Social Movements: Culture, Power, and the Transnational Public Sphere. Ann Arbor, MI: University of Michigan Press.

Bob, Clifford (2002). "Globalization and the Social Construction of Human Rights Campaigns.” In Alison Brysk, ed. Globalization and Human Rights: Transnational Problems? Transnational Solutions? Berkeley: University of California Press (forthcoming).

——— (N.D.) "Overcoming Indifference: Internationalizing Human Rights Violations in Rural Mexico." Forthcoming in Human Rights Review.

Hawkins, Darren (2000). "Human Rights Norms and Networks in Authoritarian Chile" in Sanjeev, Riker and Sikkink, eds. Restructuring World Politics: Transnational Movements and Norms. in preparation.

Jetschke, Anja (1999). “Linking the Unlinkable? International Norms and Nationalism in Indonesia and the Philippines.” In Thomas Risse, Stephen C. Ropp, and Kathryn Sikkink, eds. The Power of Human Rights: International Norms and Domestic Change. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Keck, Margaret and Sikkink, Kathryn (1998). "Human Rights Advocacy Networks in Latin America" in Activists Beyond Borders. Ithaca and London: Cornell University Press, ch. 3.

Loveman, Mara (1998). “High-Risk Activism: Defending Human Rights in Chile, Uruguay, and Argentina.” American Journal of Sociology 104:477-525.

Lutz, Ellen and Kathryn Sikkink (2001). “The Justice Cascade: The Evolution and Impact in Latin America of Foreign Human Rights Trials.” Forthcoming in The Chicago Journal of International Law.

Meyer, David (1993). "Below, Beyond, Beside the State: Peace and Human Rights Movements and the End of the Cold War," in David Skidmore and Valerie M. Hudson, eds., The Limits of State Autonomy: Societal Groups and Foreign Policy Formulation. Boulder: Westview, chap. 10.

Risse, Thomas (2000). “The Power of Norms versus the Norms of Power: Transnational Civil Society and Human Rights.” In Ann M. Florini, ed. The Third Force: The Rise of Transnational Civil Society. Washington, D.C.: Brookings Institute Press.

Risse, Thomas and Hans Peter Schmitz (1995). "Principled Ideas, International Institutions, and Domestic Political Change in the Human Rights Area: Insights from African Cases," Prepared for the Annual APSA Conference

Risse, Thomas and Kathryn Sikkink (1999). “The Socialization of International Human Rights Norms Into Domestic Practices: Introduction.” In Thomas Risse, Stephen C. Ropp, and Kathryn Sikkink, eds. The Power of Human Rights: International Norms and Domestic Change. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Risse, Thomas, Stephen C. Ropp and Kathryn Sikkink, eds. (1999). The Power of Human Rights: International Norms and Domestic Change. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Schmitz, Hans Peter (1999). "Transnational Activism and Political Change in Kenya and Uganda.” In Thomas Risse, Stephen C. Ropp, and Kathryn Sikkink, eds. The Power of Human Rights: International Norms and Domestic Change. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

———(2001). “When Networks Blind: Human Rights and Politics in Kenya.” Prepared for the Workshop on Transnational Contention, Cornell University.

Sikkink, Kathryn (1993). "Human Rights, Principles, Issue-networks, and Sovereignty in Latin America," International Organization 47:411-441.

———(1998). "Transnational Politics, International Relations Theory, and Human Rights," PSOnline 31: 517-521.

Smith, Jackie (1995). "Transnational Political Processes and the Human Rights Movement," Research in Social Movements, Conflict and Change 18.

Smith, Jackie, Ron Pagnucco and George A. Lopez (1998). “Globalizing Human Rights: The Work of Transnational Human Rights NGOs in the 1990s.” Human Rights Quarterly 20:379-412.

Thomas, Daniel (1999). "The Helsinki Accords and Political Change in Eastern Europe.” In Thomas Risse, Stephen C. Ropp, and Kathryn Sikkink, eds. The Power of Human Rights: International Norms and Domestic Change. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

———(2001). "Human Rights in U.S. Foreign Policy: The Impact of International Norms and Transnational Networking," in Khagram, Riker and Sikkink, eds. Restructuring World Politics: Transnational Social Movements, Networks and Norms, Minneapolis and St. Paul: University of Minnesota Press.

Tsutsui, Kiyoteru (1998). “World Culture and Ethnic Mobilization: Direct and Indirect Effects of Global Human Rights Norms on the Rise of Ethnic Mobilization in the Contemporary World.” Presented at the 1998 meeting of the American Sociological Association, San Francisco.

Wiseberg, Laurie (1992). "Human Rights Nongovernmental Organizations," in Richard Claude and Burns Weston, eds., second edition, Human Rights in the World Community: Issues and Action. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, pp. 372-383.

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E. Labor

Anner, Mark (2000). "Local and Transnational Campaigns to End Sweatshop Practices.” In Michael Gordon and Lowell Turner, eds. Transnational Cooperation Among Trade Unions. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press.

———(2001a). “The International Trade Union Campaign for Core Labor Standards in the WTO.” Working USA: The Journal of Labor and Society, 4(5).

——— (2001b). “Labor and Economic Globalization in Eastern Europe and Latin America.” Labor Studies Journal.

Arrighi, Giovanni (1990). "Marxist Century, American Century: The Making and Remaking of the World Labour Movement" New Left Review, 179, Jan.-Feb.

Arrighi, Giovanni and Beverly Silver (1984). "Labor Movements and Capital Migration; The United States and Western Europe in World-Historical Perspective," in Charles Bergquist, ed., Labor in the Capitalist World-Economy. Beverly Hills and London: Sage, pp. 183-216.

Ayres, Jeffrey (1998). Defying Conventional Wisdom: Political Movements and Popular Contention against North American Free Trade. Toronto: University of Toronto Press.

Bacon, Nicholas and Paul Blyton (1998). "Re-Casting the Politics of Steel in Europe: The Impact of Trade Unions," West European Politics 19:770-86.

Bergquist, Charles, ed. (1984). Labor in the Capitalist World Economy. Beverly Hills and London: Sage.

Colas, Alejandro (1994). "Putting Cosmopolitanism into Practice: the Case of Socialist Internationalism," Millennium 23:513-534.

Compa, Lance (2001). “NAFTA’s Labor Side Agreement and International Labor Solidarity.” Antipode. 33:451-467.

Cornfield, Daniel B. (1997). “Labor Transnationalism?” Work and Occupations, 24:278-287.

Cox, Robert (1972). "Labor and Transnational Relations," in Keohane, R. and Nye J. eds. Transnational Relations and World Politics. Cambridge: Harvard Univ. Press.

Dreiling, Michael and Ian Robinson (1998). "Union Responses to NAFTA in the US and Canada: Explaining Intra- and International Variation," Mobilization: An International Journal 3:163-184.

Fung, Archon, Dara O’Rourke, and Charles Sabel (2001). “Realizing Labor Standards: How Transparency, Competition, and Sanctions Could Improve Working Conditions Worldwide.” The Boston Review, New Democracy Forum (February).

Gordon, Michael E. and Lowell Turner (2000). Transnational Cooperation Among Labor Unions. Ithaca and London: Cornell University Press.

International Confederation of Free Trade Unions (1999). “Introduction.” Building Workers’ Human Rights into the Global Trading System. Brussels: ICFTU.

Khor, Martin. (N.D). “After Singapore, The Battle of Interpretations Begins: Labour\Standards.” Third World Network (internet site).

Kidder, Thalia (2000). "Networks in Transnational Labor Organizing: The Emergence of New Conveners, Issues, and Mobilizations Strategies," in Khagram, Riker and Sikkink, eds. Restructuring World Politics: Transnational Social Movements, Networks and Norms. Minneapolis and St. Paul: University of Minnesota Press.

Kyloh, Robert, ed. (N.D.). Mastering the Challenge of Globalization: Towards a Trade Union Agenda. Turin, Italy: International Training Centre of the ILO.

Lanzalardo, Luca and Philippe Schmitter (1994). "Europe's Internal Market, Business Associability and the Labour Movement," in Marino Regini, ed., The Future of Labour Movements. London, Newbury Park, CA : Sage Publications, pp. 188-216.

Lillie, Nathan (N.D.) “Transnational Labor Union Strategies in Civil Aviation and Maritime Transport: The ITF Flag of Convenience Campaign as a Model for Transnational Union Strategies.” Unpublished paper, School of Industrial and Labor Relations, Cornell University.

Lillie, Nathan and Sarah Swider (1998). "Trends and Developments in Transnational Labor Cooperation in North America." Unpublished paper, School of Industrial and Labor Relations, Cornell University.

Martin, Andrew and George Ross (1999). "In the Line of Fire: The Europeanization of Labor Representation," in Martin and Ross, eds., The Brave New World of European Labor. Barghahn Books, ch.8.

Munck, Ronaldo and Peter Waterman (1999). Labour Worldwide in the Era of Globalization: Alternative Union Models in the New World Order. New York: St. Martin’s Press.

O’Brien, Robert (2001). “A Proposal for Evaluating the Emergence of a Global Labour Movement.” Presented at the International Studies Association Conference, Chicago, February 22.

Research Working Group on World Labor (1986). "Global Patterns of Labor Movements in Historical Perspective," Review 10: 137 - 55.

———(1995). "Labor Unrest in the World-Economy, 1870 - 1990," Special Issue of Review 18.

Silver, Beverly J. (1992). "From Detroit To Seoul: Worker's Struggles and the Successive Global Restructuring of the World Automobile Industry, 1930's to the Present." Presented at the American Sociological Association annual meeting.

——— (2001). Workers of the World in the 20^th Century. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press (forthcoming).

Silver, Beverly J. and Giovanni Arrighi (1991). “The International Diffusion of Labor Unrest.” Prepared for the Annual APSA Conference, August 29-September 1.

Work and Occupations (1997). “Special Issue on Labor in the Americas.” Work and Occupations, 24.

Strikwerda, Carl (1994). "Between the Market and the Nation-State." Presented at the Conference on Markets, States and Social Citizenship, New School for Social Research.

Tilly, Charles (1994). "Globalization Threatens Labor's Rights," International Labor and Working Class History 47:1-23.

Tomich, Dale (1997). "World of Capital/Worlds of Labor," in John R. Hall, ed., Reworking Class. Ithaca and London: Cornell University Press.

Turnbull, Peter (N.D.) “Contesting Globalization on the Waterfront.” Unpublished paper, Cardiff University.

Turner, Lowell (2001). "Beyond National Unionism?" forthcoming in Richard Locke and Kathleen Thelen, eds., The Shifting Boundaries of Labor Politics. Cambridge: MIT Press (forthcoming).

Wilkinson, Rorden and Steve Hughes (2000). “Labor Standards and Global Governance: Examining the Dimensions of Institutional Engagement.” Global Governance 6:259-277.

Williams, Heather (1999). "Mobile Capital and Transborder Labor Rights Mobilization. Politics and Society 27:139-166.

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Migration

Anderson, Benedict (1992). “Long-Distance Nationalism: World Capitalism and the Rise of Identity Politics.” The Wertheim Lecture, Centre for Asian Studies, Amsterdam.

Global Networks: A Journal of Transnational Affairs (2001). Special Issue: New Research and Theory on Immigrant Transnationalism, 1(3).

Hanagan, Michael (1998). "Transnational Social Movements, Deterritorialized Migrants, and the State System: A Nineteenth Century Case Study," Mobilization 3:107-24.

Joppke, Christian (2000). “The Legal-Domestic Sources of Immigrant Rights: The United States, Germany, and the European Union.” Unpublished paper, European University Institute.

Koslowski, Rey (2001). “European Migration and Border Control in the Information Age.” Presented at the 7^th International Conference of the European Community Studies Association, Madison, Wisconsin.

Levitt, Peggy (2000). “Migrants Participate Across Borders: Towards an Understanding of Forms and Consequences,” in Patrick Neil and Randall Hansen, eds., Reinventing Citizenship: Dual Citizenship, Social Rights, and Federal Citizenship in Europe and the U.S. London: Berghan Press.

Messina, Anthony M. (2001). “Globalization and the Surge of Anti-Immigration Groups within the European Union.” Presented at the 7^th International Conference of the European Community Studies Association, Madison, Wisconsin.

Perez-Godoy, Mara S. (1997). “Transnational Migration and the Institutionalization of Mobilization: The Role of a Political Party in a Social Movement.” Review Interamericana 27(1-4):5-21.

———(1998). "Social Movements and International Migration: The Mexican Diaspora Seeks Inclusion in Mexico's Political Affairs, 1968-1998," Ph.D. Dissertation, Department of Sociology, University of Chicago.

Portes, Alejandro (1999). “Conclusion: Towards a New World—The Origins and Effects of Transnational Activities.” Ethnic and Racial Studies, 22:463-477.

———(2000). “Globalization from Below: The Rise of Transnational Communities.” In Don Kalb, et al., eds. The Ends of Globalization: Bringing Society Back In. Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield.

Ruzza, Carlo (N.D.) “Normal Protest: Social Movements and Institutional Activism.” Unpublished paper, Essex University.

Rajagopal, Arvind. (N. D.) “Indian Immigrants and Exilic Nationalism.” Unpublished paper, Department of Communication, Purdue University.

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G. Peace

Cortright, David (1993). Peace Works: The Citizens' Role in Ending the Cold War. Boulder, CO: Westview.

Coy, Patrick G. (1996). "Stitching Together and Standing With: Cooperative Accompaniment and Peace Brigades International in Sri Lanka." in Charles Chatfield, Ron Pagnucco and Jackie Smith, eds., Solidarity Beyond the State: The Dynamics of Transnational Social Movements. Syracuse: Syracuse University Press.

Evangelista, Matthew (1999). Unarmed Forces: The Transnational Movements to End the Cold War. Ithaca and London: Cornell University Press.

Finnemore, Martha (1996). "Norms and War: The International Red Cross and the Geneva Conventions," chap. 3 in Finnemore, National Interests in International Society. Ithaca: Cornell University Press.

Johnson, Rebecca (2000). “Advocates and Activists: Conflicting Approaches to Nonproliferation and the Test Ban Treaty.” In Ann M. Florini, ed. The Third Force: The Rise of Transnational Civil Society. Washington, D.C.: Brookings Institute Press.

Knopf, Jeffrey (1993). "Beyond Two-Level Games: Domestic-International Interaction in the Intermediate-range Nuclear Forces Negotiations," International Organization, 47:599-628.

———(1998). Domestic Society and International Cooperation: The Impact of Protest on U.S. Arms Control Policy. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Litmanen, Tapio (1998). "International Anti-Nuclear Movements in Finland, France and the United States," Peace Research 30: 1-19.

Meyer, David (1990). A Winter of Discontent: The Nuclear Freeze and American Politics, New York: Praeger.

———(1993). "Below, Beyond, Beside the State: Peace and Human Rights Movements and the End of the Cold War," in David Skidmore and Valerie M. Hudson, eds., The Limits of State Autonomy: Societal Groups and Foreign Policy Formulation. Boulder: Westview, chap. 10.

Pagnucco, Ron and David Atwood (1994). "Global Strategies for Peace and Justice," Peace Review 6: 411 - 18.

Pagnucco, Ron and Jackie Smith (1993). "Democracy and Foreign Policy: Political Opportunity and the U.S. Peace Movement," Peace and Change 18: 157-181.

Price, Richard (1997). The Chemical Weapons Taboo. Ithaca and London: Cornell University Press.

Price, Richard (1998). "Reversing the Gunsights: Transnational Civil Society Targets Land Mines," International Organization 52:613-644.

Princen, Thomas (1995). "Ivory, Conservation, and Environmental Transnational Coalitions," in Risse-Kappen Bringing Transnational Relations Back In. Cambridge, New York: Cambridge Univ. Press.

Rochon, Thomas R. (1988). Mobilizing for Peace. The Antinuclear Movements in Western Europe. Princeton: Princeton U. Press.

Thompson, E.P. (1982). Beyond the Cold War. New York: Pantheon.

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H. Women

Afsharipour, Afra (1996). “Transnational Issue Networks and Domestic Activity: The Case of the Global Women’s Movement and Women’s Rights in India.” Unpublished honors thesis, Cornell University Department of Government.

Alvarez, Sonia (1998). "Latin American Feminisms "Go Global": Trends of the 1990's and Challenges for the New Millennium," in Sonia Alvarez, Evelina Dagnino and Arthur Escobar, eds., Cultures of Politics, Politics of Cultures. Boulder: Westview Press, pp. 293-324.

Chen, Martha Alter (1995). "Engendering World Conferences: The International Women's Movement and the United Nations," Third World Quarterly 16: 477-493.

Dubois, Ellen (1994). "Woman Suffrage Around the World: Three Phases of Suffragist Internationalism," in Caroline Daley and Melanie Nolan, eds. Suffrage and Beyond: International Feminist Perspectives. New York, NY: University Press, 252-274.

Ferree, Myra Marx and William A. Gamson. (1999). “The Gendering of Abortion Discourse: Assessing Global Feminist Influence in the United States and Germany.” In Donatella della Porta, Hanspeter Kriesi, and Dieter Rucht, eds. Social Movements in a Globalizing World. New York: MacMillan.

Fiedler, Maureen (1996). "WOW! Women's Coordination Network Now Available," National Catholic Reporter, September 13:15.

Gabriel, Christina and Laura Macdonald (1994). "NAFTA, Women and Organising in Canada and Mexico: Forging a 'Feminist Internationality'," Millenium 23: 535-562.

Hrycak, Alexandra (1999). “Transnational Social Movement Organizations and the Formation of the Post-Soviet Women’s Movement: Grassroots Mobilization from Above.” Presented at the Annual Meeting of the American Sociological Association, Chicago, August 6-10.

Keck, Margaret and Sikkink, Kathryn (1998). "Transnational Networks on Violence Against Women." In Activists Beyond Borders. Ithaca and London: Cornell University Press.

Richter, James (2000). “Citizens or Professionals: Evaluating Western Assistance to Russian Women’s Organizations.” In the Project on Democracy Assistance and NGO Strategies in Post-Communist Societies, Carnegie Endowment of International Peace. Available at http://www.ceip.org/programs/democr/NGOs/richter.pdf.

Rupp, Leila J. (1997). Worlds of Women. Princeton Univ. Press: Princeton, N.J.

———(1999). Loving Internationalism: The Emotio nal Culture of Transnational Women’s Organizations, 1888-1945.” Forthcoming in Theory and Society.

Rupp, Leila J. and Verta Taylor (1999). "Forging Feminist Identity in an International Movement: A Collective Identity Approach to Feminism," Signs, 24:363-387.

Stienstra, Deborah (1994). Women's Movements and International Organizations. New York: St. Martin's Press.

Thompson, Karen Brown (2000). "Women's Rights are Human Rights: Institutionalizing Global Norms about Women's Rights," in Khagram, Riker and Sikkink, eds. Restructuring World Politics: Transnational Social Movements, Networks and Norms. Minneapolis and St. Paul: University of Minnesota Press.

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