LINDISFARNE
MAGYARS (Hungarians)      955 BATTLE OF LECHFELD
MOHAMMED (c. 570 Mecca - June 8 632 Medina)      QU'RAN     
ISLAM (= submission to will of ALLAH, God)       MUSLIM (= "one who submits to God)  SHARI'AH  (law)         KAHLIFAH  = CALIPH (= successor)     
JIHAD (= Struggle)
BYZANTIUM, BYZANTINE EMPIRE (East Roman Empire centered on CONSTANTINOPLE)
BATTLE OF THE YARMUK 636
JEBEL AL-TARIQ (Gibraltar and its straits)
MARTYR-DOM
UMMAYAD         DAMASCUS         ABBASIDS        BAGHDAD
QADI

VIKINGS        RUS
FRANCIA         NORMANDY        VINLAND
OSEBURG SHIP        PORTAGES
QUISLING
BERSERK      THOR'S EAGLE

EUROPE         RECONQUISTA

CAROLINGIAN      CHARLEMAGNE (or KARL DER GROSSE)
ALFRED         CHARLES THE BALD      HENRY (I) THE FOWLER (King of the "East Franks", 919-36)
DANEGELD      BURH, BURGUS
AACHEN         SAXONY, SAXONS
PIPPIN
GENS, GENTES (Peoples considered as if descended from common stock)          REGNUM, REGNA
GOVERNMENT : ADMINISTRATION            ITINERATION            FAMILIA-RES         MISSI DOMINICI (Men the King sent out from the center)
COUNT         MALLUS
CANCELLA (Screen)      CANCELLARIUS = CHANCELLOR, CHANCERY
CORONATION (from CORONATIO = Crown-wearing)            LAUDES (songs of praise sung at the King by everybody present)
PRAGMATIC LITERACY
CAROLINGIAN RENAISSANCE            ALCUIN
FIDELITAS => FEALTY, but more properly = FIDELITY OR LOYALTY OATH
HOMAGE         DEFIANCE         VASSAL-AGE         BENEFICIUM (later FIEF from FEODUM)            FEUDALISM
HYAMS' MOVABLE MODEL!
TREASON          FELON-Y
PUBLICA POTESTAS (= Public Authority)
RULE OF ST. BENEDICT C. 540         BENEDICT OF NURSIA (c. 480 - c. 547)      POPE GREGORY (I) "THE GREAT" (590-604)      MONTE CASSINO
BENEDICTINES  [Don't use this until after the NEW MONASTICISM of the12th Century!]
COUNCIL OF AACHEN 814            IMPERIAL CORONATION OF CHARLEMAGNE, CHRISTMAS DAY 800         PATRICIUS

FRISIA-NS            DUX WIDUKIND (forcible baptism 785)               IRMINSUL (Saxon sacred oak)
AVARS