Spring 2005
| instructor: | Loren Ryter |
| e-mail: | lsr32@cornell.edu |
| mailbox: | White Hall 216 |
| office: | 318 White Hall |
| class times: | Tuesdays & Thursdays 2:55 pm - 4:10 pm |
| class room: | White Hall 106 |
| office hours: | Wednesday 1:30 - 3:00 pm (or by appointment) |
Contemporary politics in Southeast Asia must be understood in light of colonialism, the nationalist movements that colonial rule in effect produced, and the geo-strategic imperatives of the cold war. Colonial rule defined the territorial boundaries and institutions of the modern state, nationalism provided a new political discourse, and the cold war helped determine the nature of authority in post-colonial states. This course will examine the political landscape of Southeast Asia, paying particular attention to the historical conditions (colonialism, modernity, nationalism, war) which gave rise to the construction of Southeast Asia as a geo-political entity and to the boundaries and institutions of particular states.
There will be one 8-10 page mid-term paper on an assigned topic, and the student's choice of either a 10-15 page final research paper on a topic of the student's choice (after consultation with the instructor), or an in-class identification and short essay final exam. Grades will be determined as follows: mid-term paper (30%), research paper or final exam (30%), and class participation (30%). Past-due assignments will be marked down.
This course meets twice per week. Time for discussion will be reserved for the end of each lecture, and on occasion most or all of the session will be held in discussion format. Thus, active participation will be crucial to the success of the class, and therefore will be treated as a significant factor in evaluating student performances. Students are therefore expected to have completed each session's readings by class time.
An up-to-date syllabus will be posted on-line at:
http://falcon.arts.cornell.edu/lsr32/courses/Govt344-S05.htm
Given the diversity of the region and the complexity of politics and societies in each of the eleven countries in Southeast Asia, this fifteen week course will focus on a comparative analysis of three countries: Indonesia, Thailand, and the Philippines. Students are encouraged to follow current affairs in each country and to begin to relate current political developments to what they learn during the course.
The major English-language newspapers for these 3 countries with on-line editions are:
The Philippine Daily Inquirer < http://www.inq7.net/ >
The Jakarta Post < http://www.thejakartapost.com/ >
The Bangkok Post < http://www.bangkokpost.com/ >
Key:
RQ=required book (mentioned at least the first time the book appears on the syllabus)
RES=book is on 2 hour reserve at Uris [All required and recommended books are also on reserve there.]
ER = electronic reserve
OL = on-line on the instructor's web server, linked from the on-line syllabus (see URL above)
PK = reading packet at KC Copy (118 Dryden Road, tel: 272-6525)
The reading packet will be available by the end of the first week of the class. The first week's readings are in the required books.
Jan 25: Introduction and overview of the course
Jan 27: What is Southeast Asia?
Anderson, Spectre. Introduction (1-26) RQ
Steinberg. Sec. 32. War, Independence, and Political Transition (349-355) RQ
Steinberg. Sec. 35: The Kingdom of Thailand (387-393)
Steinberg. Sec. 38. The Republic of Indonesia (418-430)
Steinberg. Sec. 39: The Republic of the Philippines (431-442)
Feb 1: State Formation in Southeast Asia
Day, Tony. 2002. Fluid iron, (pp. 1-38) PK
Feb 3: Pre-colonial and early colonial Southeast Asia
Steinberg. Sec 7: Buddhist Kings (60-68), Sec 10: The Javanese Kings (83-90) RQ
Steinberg. Sec 11: Traders and Markets (49-59)
Steinberg. New Challenges to Old Authority (99-100, 111-122, 146-170)
Feb 8: Colonial rule
Rigg, Region. The colonization of Southeast Asia (19-29). PK
Steinberg. "The Spanish Governors" (91-95)
Furnivall. "The Background" (1-10). PK
Furnivall. "Netherlands India" (20-22) .
Furnivall. "Colonial Policy" (276-318)
Recommended:
Furnivall. "Netherlands India" & "Administrative Practice" (217-230, 236-246)
Feb 10: Colonial boundaries and "non-colonized" Siam
Anderson, Imagined Communities. "Census, Map, Museum" (163-185) PK
Thongchai, Siam Mapped. "Boundary" (62-80) and "Margin" (95-112) PK (also recommended book)
Feb 15: Late colonialism and nationalist awakenings
Steinberg. Sec. 25: "The Philippines" (269-281)
Steinberg. Sec. 27: "Indonesia" (292-311)
Furnivall. "Economic Democracy," "Nationalism," "Representative Institutions," "Economic Progress": (230-236; 246-255) PK
Recommended:
José Rizal, Noli Me Tangere , RES
Toer, This Earth of Mankind ( esp. pp. 15-19) RES
Feb 17: Early nationalism in Indonesia
Ricklefs, Modern Indonesia, "A New Colonial Age," "National Revival," "Repression and Economic Crisis" (151-195) PK
Recommended:
Pramoedya Toer, This Earth of Mankind , esp. ch. 1-2, 5. RES.
Pramoedya Toer, House of Glass. (1-26) RES
Shiraishi, An Age in Motion. "Preface" (xi-xvi), "The Modern Age" (27-40), "The Birth of the Pergerakan " (41-48) RES
Feb 22: The Americans in the Philippines
Owen, Compadre Colonialism. "Introduction" (1-9) OL
Cullinane, "Implementing the 'New Order'" in Owen (13-41) OL
Recommended:
Ileto, "Cholera" (51-73) OL
Rafael, "Census and Melodrama, " in Rafael, White Love. (19-51) RES
Feb 24: The Americans in the Philippines (continued) and independence during the Cold War
Wurfel, Filipino Politics. "Historical Legacy" (12-23) OL
Abinales, "Progressive-Machine Conflict" (149-181), PK
Newsreel "documentary" films to be shown this week in class.
Mar 1: Revolution and Nationhood in Indonesia
Ricklefs, Modern Indonesia. "WWII" (199-211: skim), "The Revolution" (212-233: skim), "Democratic Experiment" (237-256), "Guided Democracy" (257-283), PK
Nasution, "Konstituante Debates of 1956-59," (43-62) PK
Recommended:
Schwarz, Nation in Waiting. "Growing Pains" (1-23) RES
Mar 3: Thailand, monarchy, bureaucracy, coups
Steinberg. Sec 29: "Siam" (324-331) RQ
Girling, Thailand. Ch. 1, "Past and Present," (45-60) PK
Girling, Thailand. Ch. 3, "Course of Events" (104-118) , Ch. 4 "Political Structure" (119-186, skim)
Recommended:
Girling, Thailand, Ch. 1, "Past and Present," (17-45, skim) PK
Mar 8: The "Coup" in Indonesia in 1965
Crouch, Army and Politics, Ch. 5, "The Aftermath of the Coup Attempt," (135-157), PK
Pipit Rochijat, "Am I PKI or Non-PKI" (37-56), PK
Recommended:
Schwartz, Nation. "Soeharto Takes Charge," (24-48), RES
Mar 10: Military Rule
Crouch, Army and Politics. Ch. 1 "The Army as a Social -Political Force" (21-42), "Consolidation of Power" (221-244), PK
Wurfel, Filipino Politics. "The Martial Law Regime" (114-153), OL
Samudavanija and Bunbongkarn, "Thailand," in Achmad & Crouch, ed. (78-114), OL
Midterm paper questions to be distributed.
Mar 15: Capitalism and Development
Rodan, et al. "Theorising South-East Asia's Boom, Bust, and Recovery" (pp. 1-41) RQ
McVey, Southeast Asian Capitalists. "The Materialization of the Southeast Asian Entrepreneur" (7-33) OL
Mar 17: Crony Capitalism and the ethnic Chinese in Indonesia
Robison in Rodan, et al. "Indonesia: Crisis, Oligarchy, and Reform" (104-137) RQ
Recommended:
Schwarz, Nation. "The Race that Counts" and "Family Rules" ( 98-161) RES
Midterms are due in class.
(No classes, spring break. Have a good break!)
Mar 29: : Capitalism and Development in the Philippines
Hutchison in Rodan, et al. "Crisis and Change in the Philippines " (42-70), RQ
Hawes, Philippine State. (Chapter 5) PK
Mar 31: Capitalism and Development in Thailand
Hewison in Rodan, et al. "Thailand's Capitalism" (71-103), RQ
Suehiro, in McVey, Capitalists. "Capitalist Development in Postwar Thailand" (35-63), OL
Recommended:
Screening of Max Havelaar at Uris Hall G28, March 31, 5:30-8:30 pm.
Apr 5: Democracy and Elections
Taylor, Politics of Elections: Taylor, "Introduction," pp. 1-12; Lev, "Afterward," pp. 243-251. RQ
Anderson, Spectre, "Elections in Southeast Asia" (265-284), RQ (note this is the same article that appears as Ch. 1 of Taylor)
Those students opting to write a research paper should turn in a one or two paragraph research proposal.
Apr 7: Democracy and Elections, cont.
CLASS CANCELLED. INSTRUCTOR WILL BE AT MIDWEST POLITICAL SCIENCE ASSOCIATION (MPSA) MEETING IN CHICAGO. PLEASE DO THE FOLLOWING READINGS FOR APRIL 5TH:
Democracy and Elections, cont.
Taylor, Politics of Elections (Liddle: 34-60, Kerkvliet: 136-163, Suchit: 184-200) RQ
Anderson, Spectre. "Murder and Progress in Modern Siam" (174-191) RQ
Recommended:
Pemberton, "Notes on the 1982 Elections in Solo" PK
Apr 12: Paramilitaries
Anderson, Spectre. "Withdrawal Symptoms" (139-173), RQ
Bowie, Rituals of National Loyalty . (19-33, 55-59, 80-100). PK
Kammen, Douglas, "The trouble with normal: the Indonesian military, paramilitaries, and the final solution in East Timor." PK
Apr 14: Democratic Movements
Uhlin, Third Wave. "The Pro-Democracy Movement" (84-127), OL
Uhlin, Third Wave. "Indonesian Islam and Democracy" (63-83), OL
Wurfel, Filipino Politics, "Opposition to Martial Law" (204-232), OL
Apr 19: People's Power?
Boudreau, Vincent , " Diffusing democracy? People power in Indonesia and the Philippines" PK
Anderson, Spectre. "Cacique Democracy in the Philippines" (192-226), RQ
film shown:
Student movement in Indonesia [videorecording] : May 12th, 1998-December 17th, 1998 / story & narration by Tino Saroengallo. Jakarta Media Syndication, [2002]
Apr 21: Transitions and Reforms
Hutchcroft, Paul , " After the fall: prospects for political and institutional reform in post-crisis Thailand and the Philippines", PK
Suchit Bunbongkarn, "Southeast Asia after the crisis: Thailand's successful reforms" PK
Montinola, Gabriella R. " Parties and accountability in the Philippines " PK
Apr 26: Secession and Regionalism
McRae, "Discourse on Separatists, PK
Films shown:
Viva Timor Loro Sae [videorecording] : the untold story of the struggle for East Timor's independence / production/direction/camera, Sophie Barry, Lyndal Barry ; script, Jude Smith, Lyndal Barry, Sophie Barry, Doug Earl.
Land of the morning star [videorecording] / Mark Worth, writer/director ; Film Australia ; produced with the assistance of the Australian Broadcasting Corporation.
(available at URIS reserve)
Apr 28: Papua and Aceh
King, "Morning Star Rising," PK
Robinson, "New Order Aceh," PK
May 3: Southeast Asia in a post 9/11 world
Capie, David. 2004. Between a hegemon and a hard place: the ‘war on terror’ and Southeast Asian–US relations. The Pacific Review 17 (2).
Kadir, Suzaina. 2004. Mapping Muslim politics in Southeast Asia after September 11. The Pacific Review 17 (2).
May 5: Review and discussion
Final Exam:
Tuesday, May 17, 12:00-2:30 pm (regularly scheduled exam time, Tjaden Hall computer lab)
Research Paper:
Due in my box by Tuesday, May 17, 2:30 pm. Absolutely, positively, no extensions, as this date is already quite late. In fact please turn the paper in earlier if you possibly can.
Required Texts (available at the CU Bookstore and at Uris Reserve)
Anderson, Benedict R. O'G. 1998. The spectre of comparisons : nationalism, Southeast Asia, and the world . London ; New York: Verso.
Steinberg, David Joel. 1985. In search of Southeast Asia : a modern history . Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press.
Rodan, Gary, Kevin Hewison, and Richard Robison. The Political Economy of South-East Asia: Conflicts, Crises, and Change . South Melbourne: Oxford University Press, 2001.
Taylor, R. H., ed. The Politics of Elections in Southeast Asia . New York: Wodrow Wilson Center Press, 1996.
Recommended Books (available at bookstore and Uris Reserve)
Schwarz, Adam. 2000. A nation in waiting : Indonesia's search for stability . 2nd ed. Boulder: Westview Press.
Thongchai, Winichakul. 1988. Siam mapped : a history of the geo-body of Siam.
Other Recommended Books (most at Uris Reserve)
Day, Tony. 2002. Fluid iron: state formation in Southeast Asia . Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press.
Rafael, Vicente L. 2000. White love and other events in Filipino history , American encounters/global interactions . Durham: Duke University Press.
Rizal, José. 1989. Noli me tangere . * Translated by J. V. Castro. Quezon City, Philippines: ASEAN Committee on Culture and Information.
Rizal, José. 1996. Noli me tangere . * Translated by M. S. Lacson-Locsin. Edited by R. L. Locsin. Makati City, Philippines: Bookmark.
Shiraishi, Takashi. 1990. An age in motion : popular radicalism in Java, 1912-1926 , Asia, east by south . Ithaca: Cornell University Press.
Toer, Pramoedya Ananta. 1996. This earth of mankind. 1st ed. New York: Penguin Books
Toer, Pramoedya Ananta. 1997. House of Glass . 1st ed. New York: Penguin Books.
(* the Lacson translation is better.)
Required Course Packet (available in four volumes at K.C. Copy, Dryden Road)
Abinales, Patricio. 2003. Progressive-Machine Conflict in Early-Twentieth-Century U.S. Politics and Colonial-State Building in the Philippines. In The American colonial state in the Philippines : global perspectives , edited by J. Go and A. L. Foster. Durham: Duke University Press.
Ahmad, Zakaria Haji, and Harold A. Crouch. 1985. Military-civilian relations in South-East Asia . Singapore ; New York: Oxford University Press.
Anderson, Benedict R. O'G. 1991. Imagined communities : reflections on the origin and spread of nationalism . Rev. ed. London ; New York: Verso.
Boudreau, Vincent. 1999. Diffusing democracy? People power in Indonesia and the Philippines. Bulletin of Concerned Asian Scholars .
Bowie, Katherine A. 1997. Rituals of National Loyalty: An Anthropology of the State and Village Scout Movement in Thailand . New York: Columbia University Press.
Bunbongkarn, Suchit. 1999. Southeast Asia after the crisis: Thailand's successful reforms. Journal of Democracy 10 (4).
Crouch, Harold. 1988. The Army and Politics in Indonesia . Ithaca: Cornell University Press.
Cullinane, Michael. 1971. Implementing the 'New Order': The Structure and Supervision of Local Government During the Taft Era. In Compadre colonialism; studies on the Philippines under American rule , edited by N. G. Owen. Ann Arbor,: Center for South and Southeast Asian Studies University of Michigan.
Furnivall, J. S. 1956 [1948]. Colonial Policy and Practice: A Comparative Study of Burma and Netherlands India . New York: New York University Press.
Girling, J. L. S. 1981. Thailand, society and politics . Ithaca: Cornell University Press.
Hamilton-Paterson, James. 1998. America's boy . London: Granta Books.
Hawes, Gary. 1987. The Philippine State and the Marcos Regime: The Politics of Export . Ithaca: Cornell University Press.
Hutchcroft, Paul. 1999. After the fall: prospects for political and institutional reform in post-crisis Thailand and the Philippines. Government and Opposition 34 (4).
Ileto, Reynaldo C. 1995. Cholera and the Origins of the American Sanitary Order in the Philippines. In Discrepant histories : translocal essays on Filipino cultures , edited by V. L. Rafael. Philadelphia: Temple University Press.
Kammen, Douglas. 2001. The trouble with normal: the Indonesian military, paramilitaries, and the final solution in East Timor. In Violence and the state in Suhartos Indonesia , edited by B. R. O. Anderson. Ithaca: Cornell University, Southeast Asia Program Publications.
King, Peter. 2002. Morning Star Rising? Indonesia Raya and the New Papuan Nationalism. Indonesia 73.
McRae, Dave. 2002. A Discourse on Separatists. Indonesia 74.
McVey, Ruth T. 1982. The Beamstenstaat in Indonesia. In Interpreting Indonesian Politics: Thirteen Contributions to the Debate , edited by B. Anderson and A. Kahin. Ithaca: Cornell Modern Indonesia Project.
McVey, Ruth Thomas. 1992. Southeast Asian capitalists , Studies on Southeast Asia . Ithaca, N.Y.: Southeast Asia Program Cornell University.
Montinola, Gabriella R. 1999. Parties and accountability in the Philippines. Journal of Democracy 10 (1).
Nasution, Adnan Buyung. 1994. Human Rights and the Konstituante Debates of 1956-59. In Democracy in Indonesia : 1950s and 1990s , edited by D. Bourchier and J. D. Legge. Clayton, Vic., Australia: Centre of Southeast Asian Studies Monash University.
Owen, Norman G. 1971. Compadre colonialism; studies on the Philippines under American rule . Ann Arbor,: Center for South and Southeast Asian Studies University of Michigan.
Pemberton, John. 1986. Notes on the 1982 General Election in Solo. Indonesia 41.
Rafael, Vicente L. 2000. White love and other events in Filipino history , American encounters/global interactions . Durham: Duke University Press.
Ricklefs, M. C. 1993. A history of modern Indonesia since c. 1300 . 2nd ed. Stanford, Calif.: Stanford University Press.
Rigg, Jonathan. 1991. Southeast Asia : a region in transition : a thematic human geography of the ASEAN region . London ; Boston: Unwin Hyman.
Robinson, Geoffrey. 1998. Rawan is as Rawan Does: The Origins of Disorder in New Order Aceh. Indonesia 66.
Rochijat, Pipit. 1985. Am I PKI or Non-PKI. Indonesia 40.
Sears, Laurie Jo, and John Smail. 1993. Autonomous histories, particular truths : essays in honor of John R.W. Smail . Madison, Wis.: University of Wisconsin Center for Southeast Asian Studies.
Shiraishi, Takashi. 1990. An age in motion : popular radicalism in Java, 1912-1926 , Asia, east by south . Ithaca: Cornell University Press.
Streckfuss, David. 1993. The Mixed Colonial Legacy in Siam: Origins of Thai Racialist Thought, 1890-1910. In Autonomous histories, particular truths : essays in honor of John R.W. Smail , edited by L. J. Sears and J. Smail. Madison, Wis.: University of Wisconsin Center for Southeast Asian Studies.
Suehiro, Akira. 1992. Capitalist Development in Postwar Thailand: Commercial Bankers, Industrial Elite, and Agribusiness Groups. In Southeast Asian Capitalists , edited by R. McVey. Ithaca: Southeast Asia Program.
Tanter, Richard. 1990. The Totalitarian Ambition: Intelligence and Security Agencies in Indonesia. In State and civil society in Indonesia , edited by A. Budiman. Clayton, Vic., Australia: Centre of Southeast Asian Studies Monash University.
Thongchai, Winichakul. 1988. Siam mapped : a history of the geo-body of Siam.
Toer, Pramoedya Ananta. 1996. This earth of mankind . 1st ed. New York: Penguin Books.
Toer, Pramoedya Ananta. 1997. House of Glass . 1st ed. New York: Penguin Books.
Uhlin, Anders. 1997. Indonesia and the "third wave of democratization" : the Indonesian pro-democracy movement in a changing world . Richmond, Surrey: Curzon.
Wurfel, David. 1988. Filipino politics : development and decay , Politics and international relations of Southeast Asia . Ithaca: Cornell University Press.