FRANCE: A SEMI-PRESIDENTIAL SYSTEM

 

French Presidents of the 5th Republic

 

Charles de Gaulle                      1958-69

Georges Pompidou                             1969-74

Valery Giscard d’Estaing           1974-81

François Mitterrand                   1981-95

Jacques Chirac                          1995-present

Actual Prime Minister:               Jean-Pierre Raffarin

 

Semi-presidentialism (Duverger)

 

►president independently and directly legitimated by popular election

►has important executive powers which he shares with

►the prime minister (head of government) who is sustained by a

►parliament majority

 

main feature: two separately legitimated authorities (real dual executive)

avoids shortfalls of pure presidential system, but still may result in gridlock

in case of divided government (cohabitation)